This systematic review of 28 studies explored the application of LLMs for lung cancer care and management. Probably few surprises here. And it’s focused mostly on LLMs, rather than specialised AI models. Extracts: · The review identified 7 primary application domains of LLMs in LC: auxiliary diagnosis, information extraction, question answering, scientific research, medical education, nursing… Continue reading Large Language Models in Lung Cancer: Systematic Review
Tag: ai
From transcript to insights: Summarizing safety culture interviews with LLMs
From transcript to insights: summarizing safety culture interviews with LLMs How well does OpenAI o1 work for summarising ‘safety culture’ interviews, and how does it compare to human notes? This study did just that. Extracts: · They assessed correctness via exhaustiveness (comparison of LLM claims vs human interviewer notes), consistency (comparison of LLM claims between subsequent… Continue reading From transcript to insights: Summarizing safety culture interviews with LLMs
Safe As week in review: Ineffectiveness of individual mental health interventions / Fatigue risk via defences in depth / AI LLMs are BS’ing you
Safe As covered this week: 31: Do individual mental health interventions work? Maybe not. Do individual level mental health interventions, like personal resilience training, yoga, fruit bowls and training actually improve measures of mental health? This study suggests not. Using survey data from >46k UK workers, it was found that workers who participated in individual-level… Continue reading Safe As week in review: Ineffectiveness of individual mental health interventions / Fatigue risk via defences in depth / AI LLMs are BS’ing you
Practice With Less AI Makes Perfect: Partially Automated AI During Training Leads to Better Worker Motivation, Engagement, and Skill Acquisition
How does AI use in training improve, or impact, skill acquisition? This study manipulated training protocols with varying levels of AI decision-making automation, among 102 participants during a quality control task. Extracts: · “Partial automation led to the most positive outcomes” · “Participants who were trained with the fully automated version of the AIEDS had a significantly… Continue reading Practice With Less AI Makes Perfect: Partially Automated AI During Training Leads to Better Worker Motivation, Engagement, and Skill Acquisition
Safe As 33: Is ChatGPT bullsh** you? How Large Language models aim to be convincing rather than truthful
Large Language Models, like ChatGPT have amazing capabilities. But are their responses, aiming to be convincing human text, more indicative of BS? That is, responses that are indifferent to the truth? If they are, what are the practical implications? Today’s paper is: Hicks, M. T., Humphries, J., & Slater, J. (2024). ChatGPT is bullshit. Ethics and… Continue reading Safe As 33: Is ChatGPT bullsh** you? How Large Language models aim to be convincing rather than truthful
Can chatbots provide more social connection than humans?
Can chatbots provide more social connection than humans? Possibly, providing that they don’t “claim too much humanity”. Three study protocols with 801, 201 and 401 had participants engage with AI social chatbots. They note that the long-term consequences of social chatbot use is unknown, but is important to study since “hundreds of millions of people… Continue reading Can chatbots provide more social connection than humans?
Enhancing AI-Assisted Group Decision Making through LLM-Powered Devil’s Advocate
Can LLM’s effectively play as devil’s advocate, enhancing group decisions? Something I’ve been working on lately is AI as a co-agent for cognitive diversity / requisite imagination. Here’s a study which explored an LLM as a devil’s advocate, and I’ll post another study next week on AI and red teaming. [Though this study relied on… Continue reading Enhancing AI-Assisted Group Decision Making through LLM-Powered Devil’s Advocate
Endoscopist De-Skilling after Exposure to Artificial Intelligence in Colonoscopy: A Multicenter Observational Study
Does AI use contribute to de-skilling? Probably, according to this study of endoscopists. This study compared >1.4k patient outcomes who underwent non-AI assisted colonoscopy before and after AI implementation. Background: · A recent meta-analysis of 20 randomised trials “showed an absolute 8.1 % increase in ADR [Adenoma detection rate] with the use of AI during colonoscopy.5… Continue reading Endoscopist De-Skilling after Exposure to Artificial Intelligence in Colonoscopy: A Multicenter Observational Study
The impact of generative AI on critical thinking skills: a systematic review, conceptual framework and future research directions
The impact of generative AI on critical thinking skills: a systematic review, conceptual framework and future research directions How do generative AI (GenAI) models affect critical thinking skills? This systematic review unpacked 68 studies to explore the good and the bad. GenAI are “machine-learning algorithms, usually transformer-based large-language models (LLMs), that generate new text, code… Continue reading The impact of generative AI on critical thinking skills: a systematic review, conceptual framework and future research directions
BEWARE OF BOTSHIT: HOW TO MANAGE THE EPISTEMIC RISKSOF GENERATIVE CHATBOTS
Really interesting discussion paper on the premise of ‘botshit’: the AI version of bullshit. I can’t do this paper justice – it’s 16 pages, so I can only cover a few extracts. Recommend reading the full paper. Tl;dr: generative chatbots predict responses rather than knowing the meaning of their responses, and hence, “produce coherent-sounding but… Continue reading BEWARE OF BOTSHIT: HOW TO MANAGE THE EPISTEMIC RISKSOF GENERATIVE CHATBOTS
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